JOURNAL OF INTEGRATED SCIENCES

EFFECTIVENESS OF INTEGRATING ISLAMIC SPIRITUAL PRACTICES IN PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR TREATING POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDERS

Dr. Syeda Baseera Iqbal — 2025-06-29

patients with severe PTSD symptoms, this research highlights the integration of psycho spiritual method in the conventional therapeutic method. The study explores the effectiveness of Islamic spiritual practices like Salah (prayer), Dhikr (remembrance of Allah), Qur'anic recitation, and Tawakkul (trust in Allah) in alleviating PTSD symptoms among Muslim participants. A total of 41 participants responded to the survey. Quantitative and Qualitative methods were used to assess the impact of these practices on trauma-related symptoms. The quantitative data was analyzed using a Chi-Square test, revealing a statistically significant association between the severity of PTSD symptoms and the perceived effectiveness of Salah and Dhikr, which were identified as the most effective practices. Qur'anic recitation also showed beneficial effects, while Tawakkul was reported as less effective. The importance of Tawakkul in life needs to be integrated at a very early age for it is one aspect that can suffice mental stability Qualitative responses highlighted the emotional relief provided by Salah and Dhikr, with participants describing these practices as sources of comfort and spiritual connection. The findings suggest that Islamic spiritual practices, particularly Salah and Dhikr, offer meaningful support for Muslims suffering from PTSD. The study concludes with recommendations for integrating these practices into therapeutic settings and further exploration of their long-term effects in managing PTSD.

REAL-LIFE TESTS OF HUMAN BEINGS FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

Ivon Sagita — 2025-06-29

The paper discusses real-life tests undergone by human beings from the Islamic perspective. The purpose of this research paper is to explore natural tests for humans as part of sunnatullāh (Allāh’s way) and Allāh’s decree. The life tests that Allāh decides for humans have a purpose with various types of tests that occur. For accommodating the data, library research method has been used to structure this paper with relevant sources including verses of Qurʾān, ḥadīths, books and journal articles. It is obtained that the tests of life are in the form of physical trials, social and community trials, psychological and spiritual trials with fitnah of doubts, lusts and desire, also trials from Satan. Every tribulation in life has purposes and benefits, such as to distinguish true believers from disbelievers and hypocrites, for reawakening of the fitrah, to make humans turn to Allāh and exercise humility, for strengthening belief in Allāh’s qadar, to expiate sins, to grow spiritually and for purification of the soul, for increasing good deeds, rewards, rank in Paradise and as the punishment for sins and disobedience.

INTEGRATING THE TAWHIDIC PARADIGM IN MODERN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES: A CASE STUDY OF BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA (BSI) CHALLENGES

Didik Adji Sasongko — 2025-06-29

The global financial sector is increasingly focusing on ethical and values-based management due to corporate scandals, environmental issues, and social inequality. Traditional management approaches often ignore ethics, leading to alternative models like Islamic management, which is built on the concept of Tawhid (the Oneness of God). This framework highlights unity, accountability, responsibility, justice, and consultation, providing a balanced way to run businesses ethically. This study looks at how the Tawhidic paradigm is used in modern management practices, with a focus on Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI), Indonesia’s largest Islamic bank. Created in 2021 by merging three state-owned Islamic banks, BSI shows how Islamic values can guide business while staying competitive. The research examines BSI’s management style, including its commitment to Sharia rules, how it works with stakeholders, and its ethical decision-making. It also discusses challenges like maintaining profits while following Islamic principles, increasing public awareness of Islamic finance, and improving cybersecurity. The results show that BSI effectively applies Tawhidic values in its operations, ensuring transparency, accountability, and social responsibility. However, it struggles with balancing religious rules and market needs, as well as educating customers about Islamic finance. The study concludes that BSI’s approach offers useful lessons for businesses that want to combine ethics with strong management, proving that financial success and religious values can work together. This research adds to the discussion on Islamic management and provides practical insights for companies aiming for ethical and sustainable management practices.

THE INFLUENCE OF TIKTOK ON CHILDREN'S BEHAVIOR: AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ANALYSIS

Syadza Fildzah Shalati — 2025-06-29

This study aims to analyze the influence of the TikTok application on children's behavior and the role of parents in addressing it from an Islamic perspective. This research uses a literature review approach with primary sources such as books, journals, and official reports from both government and private organizations. The results show that the TikTok application has a negative impact on children's behavioral development. TikTok contains videos featuring dances performed by both males and females, which can lead to a loss of modesty. Furthermore, excessive use of TikTok can waste time on non-beneficial activities and distract children from remembering and worshiping Allah. The role of parents, entrusted by Allah to raise and educate their children, is crucial in providing sufficient education to help them become righteous children (shalih and shalihah) and in guiding them when interacting with the TikTok application.

FAITH AND FULFILMENT: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF HAPPINESS IN MUSLIM LIFE

Taiwo Nurullah Giwa — 2025-06-29

This study explores the relationship between faith, fulfilment, and happiness within Muslim life, aiming to provide a deeper understanding of how Islamic teachings shape happiness. Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants of diverse demographics, all identified as Sunni Muslims. Thematic analysis revealed that faith serves as a cornerstone for happiness and fulfilment, with participants consistently highlighting the role of gratitude, trust in God (Tawakkul), and adherence to religious practices in fostering inner peace and resilience. Family and community relationships emerged as significant contributors to fulfilment, reinforcing the importance of social and spiritual connections. Participants also emphasised that happiness transcends transient emotions and is instead rooted in alignment with Islamic values, life purpose, and spiritual contentment. While the findings align with existing literature on the positive psychological impact of faith, the study also identified challenges, particularly in balancing societal expectations with personal and religious conceptions of happiness. The study's limitations, including the small sample size, demographic homogeneity, and reliance on purposeful sampling, restrict the generalisability of the findings. Future research should focus on more diverse participant groups, incorporating varied Islamic orientations, cultural contexts, and longitudinal approaches.

THE ROLE OF EXCESSIVE SOCIAL MEDIA USE IN PREDICTING SPIRITUAL COGNITIVE DECLINE AMONG MUSLIM ADOLESCENTS IN INDONESIA

Fitri Mulya Verakadita — 2025-06-29

Social media has become an integral part of daily life for Muslim adolescents globally, raising concerns about “brain rot”, caused by excessive exposure to low-quality digital content. While many studies have linked excessive social media use (ESMU) to declines in general cognitive functions, its effect on spiritual cognition remains underexplored. From the perspective of Islamic psychology, overstimulation may weaken essential aspects of spiritual cognition—such as worship focus (khusyūʿ), Qur’anic memorization, moral regulation, empathy, and ghowzul fikr—collectively framed in this study as Spiritual Brain Rot (SBR). This study aims to analyze the role of ESMU in predicting SBR among Muslim adolescents in Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 171 participants aged 11–19 using two validated instruments: the Excessive Social Media Use Scale (ESMUS) and the Spiritual Cognitive Function Scale (SCFS). Linear regression analysis revealed a significant and moderately strong relationship between ESMU and SBR (R² = 0.358, β = 0.490, 95% CI [0.38, 0.63], p < 0.001), indicating that ESMU accounts for 35.8% of the variance in SBR. In conclusion, the findings support the study’s hypothesis that higher levels of ESMU are associated with a decline in spiritual cognitive functioning, highlighting a potential disruption to adolescents’ spiritual well-being in the digital age.

ARE GLOBAL ETHICS A WESTERN CONSTRUCT? AN HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF PRE-WESTPHALIAN POLITICAL MORALITY IN ISLAMIC LITERATURE

Mohammed Mizanur Rahman — 2025-06-29

Pre-World War western developmental historicism presumed a Eurocentric history of mankind. Perceiving themselves as global leaders tasked with a ‘White Man’s Burden’ to civilize the world with their leading advancements in industry and political morality, western leaders and scholars insisted that the devastation caused by European colonialism was benevolent in its attempt to educate the barbarian east. A language barrier coupled with wilful ignorance of non-western literature discussing political morality permitted European scholars and thinkers to insist that the Westphalian settlement was the first treaty of its kind breaking the cycle of anarchy. This bias has never abated with most of western academia continuing to ignore non-western scholarship on international relations such that contemporary scholars, such as those of the English School continue to suggest that modern global ethics are uniquely western. An analysis of pre-Westphilian Islamic literature reveals conspicuous discussions on political morality and global ethics with stark similarities to modern concepts of international law, suggesting that at the very least, global ethics are a more universal cross-culture phenomenon refuting the Eurocentric narrative of unique western moral development.

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF VITELLARIA PARADOXA C.F. GAERTN AND PARKIA BIGLOBOSA (JACQ.) R.BR.EX G.DON. IN IWAJOWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OYO STATE, NIGERIA

Odeyale O.C. — 2025-06-29

This study evaluates the economic analysis of Vitellaria paradoxa (shea butter) and Parkia biglobosa (locust beans) in the Iwajowa Local Government Area. The research focused on four purposively selected communities: Iwere Ile, Ilaji Ile, Ayetoro Ile, and Ijio. A total of 138 questionnaires were administered to gather primary data, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including budgetary analysis and logit regression analysis. The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (97.7%), with 69.9% married, 47.8% aged between 40 and 49, and 40.6% having primary education. Most respondents had household sizes between 1 and 5 (67.4%) and were primarily engaged in marketing (69.9%) or production (30.4%) of V. paradoxa and P. biglobosa. The study revealed that these NTFPs serve as vital sources of food, income, medicine, and employment, with 100% of respondents acknowledging their importance. The business of V. paradoxa and P. biglobosa. was found to be profitable, with monthly net profits of ₦16,064.33 and ₦14,976.93, respectively, and benefit-cost ratios of 1.65 and 1.49. The major constraints identified were high transportation costs (β = 27.52), over-utilization of NTFPs (β = 15.22), urbanization (β = 5.30), deforestation (β = 5.12), and availability of the plant (β = 3.41). In conclusion, the study highlighted significant challenges faced by producers and marketers, including poor transport networks and a lack of market information. It is recommended that the government improve the performance of producers and marketers by addressing transportation issues and enhancing market access.

JORDANIAN TEXTBOOKS AND EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: ANALYZING REFORM IN CURRICULUM DESIGN

Hena Ahmed Iraqui — 2025-06-29

The current paper review examines the processes involved in comprehensive curriculum reform in Jordanian textbooks, addressing the limitations of current educational models, which often prioritize rote memorization at the expense of critical thinking, creativity, and practical skills. The proposed reforms are framed within the Education for Sustainable Development approach, advocating for a multidimensional transformation. Key steps involved in successful curriculum reform include an initial evaluation of existing educational frameworks, stakeholder collaboration, content redesign, and ongoing monitoring and evaluation. However, several potential hindrances may obstruct this process, such as resistance to change, limited resources, and inadequate teacher preparation. The review concludes with a discussion on how the success of this reform hinges on the collaborative efforts of policymakers, educators, parents, and students, collectively advancing an educational system that is responsive to contemporary challenges and prepares learners for future opportunities.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND SUSTAINABLE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION: CAUSES, EFFECTS AND WAY FORWARD

Victor Olugbenga Ayoko — 2025-06-29

The impact of environmental pollution (EP) in schools are not only on the well-being of the students and teachers alone but can spread to different aspects of education, mental health and general community health. The impact of EP on the students can cause both mental and emotional health that affects students’ academic performances and teachers' job motivations in negative ways because of the reactions of students to the allergic actions caused by environmental pollutants. A very conducive environment is important to a positive learning outcome and occupational safety of the teachers and students on the school premises. It is therefore important to assess the impact of environmental pollution on the sustainable administration of schools because of negative effects and to encourage students to think and act appropriately on environmental issues. Qualitative multiple case studies and a review of relevant literature in the interpretive research paradigm were adopted in this research. Secondary data from prints and online media were sourced and arranged into themes for content analysis by looking at issues historically and holistically and research questions formulated on each theme to address specific issues on the causes and effects of environmental pollution on the sustainable administration of schools by answering the formulated research questions. It was suggested that special budgetary allocation should be provided for the provision of facilities such as ventilated classrooms and offices and the student-teacher ratio should be adhered to prevent overcrowding in the classrooms and regular public health awareness among stakeholders.